PHP Traits: Reuse Code in Multiple Classes with Examples

A trait is a way to reuse methods across multiple classes without using inheritance.
Unlike abstract classes, traits do not require class extension.
PHP does not support multiple inheritance, but traits allow multiple classes to share functionality.
Traits are declared with the trait keyword:

Syntax:

<?php
  trait TraitName {
    // some code...
  }
?>

To use a trait in a class, you use the use keyword inside the class definition.

Syntax:

<?php
  class MyClass {
    use TraitName;
  }
?>

Let's look at an example:

Example

<?php

// Define a trait

trait MessageTrait {

public function showMessage() {

return "Hello from the trait!";

}

// Define a class that uses the trait

class MyClass {

use MessageTrait;

}

// Create an object of the class

$obj = new MyClass();

echo $obj->showMessage(); // Output: Hello from the trait!

Try it yourself

Explanation

The MessageTrait trait defines a method showMessage().
The MyClass uses the MessageTrait by using the use keyword.
The showMessage() method is available in MyClass and can be called on its object.

PHP - Using Multiple Traits

You can use multiple traits in a class by separating them with commas.

Let's look at another example:

Example

<?php

// First trait

trait Walk {

public function walk() {

return "I am walking!";

}

// Second trait

trait Speak {

public function sayHello() {

return "Hello, I am a " . get_class($this);

}

// Class using multiple traits

class Human {

use Walk, Speak;

}

$person = new Human();

echo $person->walk(); // Output: I am walking!

echo "<br>";

echo $person->sayHello(); // Output: Hello, I am a Human

Try it yourself

Explanation

Walk and Speak are two separate traits, each with its own method.
Human uses both traits via use Walk, Speak;.
$person (instance of Human) can access both walk() and sayHello() methods—trait methods are treated as if they belong to the class.

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