PHP MySQL Connection Tutorial: Step-by-Step Guide

PHP offers multiple methods to connect to a MySQL database, each with its own features and use cases. Below are the primary methods for connecting PHP to MySQL:

1. MySQLi (MySQL Improved Extension)

MySQLi is a modern, improved extension for working with MySQL databases in PHP. It supports both procedural and object-oriented approaches.

Example - Procedural Style

<?php

$host = "localhost";

$username = "root";

$password = "";

$dbname = "my_database";

// Create connection

$conn = mysqli_connect($host, $username, $password, $dbname);

// Check connection

if (!$conn) {

die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());

}

echo "Connected successfully";

mysqli_close($conn);

Example - Object-Oriented Style

<?php

$servername = "localhost";

$username = "myuser";

$password = "mypassword";

$dbname = "mydatabase";

// Create connection

$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// Check connection

if ($conn->connect_error) {

die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);

}

echo "Connected successfully";

Advantages of MySQLi:

Offers both procedural and object-oriented styles.
Allows multiple statements in a single query.

2. PDO (PHP Data Objects)

PDO is a database abstraction layer that supports multiple database types (not just MySQL). It's a great choice if your project might need to switch between databases in the future.

With our Try it Yourself editor, you can edit the HTML code and view the result:

Example

<?php

$servername = "localhost";

$username = "myuser";

$password = "mypassword";

$dbname = "mydatabase";

try {

$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);

// Set error mode to exception

$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

echo "Connected successfully";

} catch (PDOException $e) {

echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();

}

Advantages of PDO:

Supports over 12 different database systems (e.g., PostgreSQL, SQLite).
Allows easy error handling using exceptions.

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