MySQL INSERT INTO: Adding Data to Tables with Examples

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MySQL INSERT INTO Statement

The INSERT INTO statement in MySQL is used to add new records (rows) into a table.

Syntax:

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3) 
VALUES (value1, value2, value3);

table_name → The name of the table where data is inserted.
(column1, column2, column3) → The columns where values will be inserted.
VALUES (value1, value2, value3) → The actual values to insert.

Demo Database

Below is a selection from the "Students" table in the school_db database:

student_id	name	gender	city	age	score	course_id	email	phone_number
1	Alice	Female	Delhi	20	85	101	NULL	1234567890
2	Bob	Male	Mumbai	22	75	NULL	bob@email.com	NULL
3	Charlie	Male	Delhi	21	95	102	NULL	NULL
4	David	Male	Bangalore	23	65	101	david@email.com	NULL
5	Eve	Female	Mumbai	20	80	103	NULL	NULL
6	Frank	Male	Delhi	22	90	103	NULL	NULL
7	Alice	Female	Mumbai	19	60	102	NULL	NULL

Inserting a Record

Example

INSERT INTO students (name, age, city)

VALUES ('John Doe', 20, 'New York');

Adds a student named John Doe, aged 20, from New York into the Students table.

Inserting Multiple Records at Once

Example

INSERT INTO students (name, age, city)

VALUES

('Alice', 22, 'Los Angeles'),

('Bob', 19, 'Chicago'),

('Charlie', 21, 'Houston');

Inserts three students in one query.

Inserting Data Without Specifying Columns

Example

INSERT INTO students VALUES (1, 'David', 23, 'Miami');

Works only if you provide values for all columns in the correct order.

Insert Data Only in Specified Columns

In MySQL, you don’t have to insert data into all columns of a table. You can specify only the columns you want to insert values into, and the rest will either:

✅ Take their default value (if defined).

✅ Remain NULL (if allowed).

Syntax:

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2) 
VALUES (value1, value2);

Columns not mentioned will be set to NULL or their default value.

Example

INSERT INTO students (name, age, city)

VALUES ('Bob', 19, 'Chicago');

gender will be default value (Male). Other columns will be null.

The selection from the "Students" table will now look like this:

student_id	name	gender	city	age	score	course_id	email	phone_number
1	Alice Johnson	Female	Delhi	20	85	101	NULL	1234567890
2	Bob	Male	Mumbai	22	75	NULL	bob@email.com	NULL
3	Charlie	Male	Delhi	21	95	102	NULL	NULL
4	David	Male	Bangalore	23	65	101	david@email.com	NULL
5	Eve	Female	Mumbai	20	80	103	NULL	NULL
6	Frank	Male	Delhi	22	90	103	NULL	NULL
7	Alice	Female	Mumbai	19	60	102	NULL	NULL
8	Bob	Male	Chicago	19	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL

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