MySQL CROSS JOIN: Definition, Syntax, and Examples

It combines every row from the first table with every row from the second table.
If the first table has m rows and the second table has n rows, the result will have m × n rows.
Unlike other joins, CROSS JOIN does not require a join condition using ON.

CROSS JOIN Syntax

SELECT table1.column_name, table2.column_name
FROM table1
CROSS JOIN table2;

Example Scenario:

Consider two tables:

Students Table:

student_id	name	gender	city	age	score	course_id	email	phone_number
1	Alice	Female	Delhi	20	85	101	NULL	1234567890
2	Bob	Male	Mumbai	22	75	NULL	bob@email.com	NULL
3	Charlie	Male	Delhi	21	95	102	NULL	NULL
4	David	Male	Bangalore	23	65	101	david@email.com	NULL
5	Eve	Female	Mumbai	20	80	103	NULL	NULL
6	Frank	Male	Delhi	22	90	103	NULL	NULL
7	Alice	Female	Mumbai	19	60	102	NULL	NULL

Courses Table:

course_name	course_name
101	Math
102	Science
103	History
104	English

The following SQL statement selects all students, and all courses:

Example

SELECT students.name, courses.course_name

FROM students

CROSS JOIN courses;

Try it yourself

Explanation:

The CROSS JOIN keyword returns all matching records from both tables whether the other table matches or not. So, if there are rows in "Students" that do not have matches in "Courses", or if there are rows in "Courses" that do not have matches in "Students", those rows will be listed as well.

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