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MySQL AND, OR, NOT

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MySQL AND, OR, NOT Operators in WHERE Clause

The AND, OR, and NOT operators in MySQL are used in the WHERE clause to filter records based on multiple conditions.


Demo Database

Below is a selection from the "Students" table in the school_db database:


student_id

name 

gender

city

age

score

course_id

email

phone_number

1

Alice

Female

Delhi

20

85

101

NULL

1234567890

2

Bob

Male

Mumbai

22

75

NULL

bob@email.com

NULL

3

Charlie

Male

Delhi

21

95

102

NULL

NULL

4

David

Male

Bangalore

23

65

101

david@email.com

NULL

5

Eve

Female

Mumbai

20

80

103

NULL

NULL

6

Frank

Male

Delhi

22

90

103

NULL

NULL

7

Alice

Female

Mumbai

19

60

102

NULL

NULL

AND Operator

The AND operator ensures both conditions must be true for a record to be selected.


Syntax:


SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name 
WHERE condition1 AND condition2;
Example
SELECT * FROM students
WHERE age >= 18 AND city = 'Mumbai';
Try it yourself
  • Retrieves students who are 18 or older AND live in Mumbai.

OR Operator

The OR operator selects records if at least one condition is true.


Syntax:


SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name 
WHERE condition1 OR condition2;
Example
SELECT * FROM students
WHERE age < 18 OR city = 'Mumbai';
Try it yourself
  • Retrieves students who are younger than 18 OR live in Mumbai.

NOT Operator

The NOT operator negates a condition (returns the opposite result).


Syntax:


SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name 
WHERE NOT condition;
Example
SELECT * FROM students
WHERE NOT age = 18;
Try it yourself
  • Retrieves students who are NOT 18 years old.

Combining AND, OR, and NOT

You can combine multiple operators using parentheses (()) for clarity.

Example
SELECT * FROM students
WHERE (age >= 18 AND city = 'Mumbai') OR NOT gender = 'Female';
Try it yourself
  • Retrieves students who are 18 or older and live in Mumbai OR are NOT female.

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