MySQL AND, OR, NOT Operators: Filtering Data with Conditions

student_id	name	gender	city	age	score	course_id	email	phone_number
1	Alice	Female	Delhi	20	85	101	NULL	1234567890
2	Bob	Male	Mumbai	22	75	NULL	bob@email.com	NULL
3	Charlie	Male	Delhi	21	95	102	NULL	NULL
4	David	Male	Bangalore	23	65	101	david@email.com	NULL
5	Eve	Female	Mumbai	20	80	103	NULL	NULL
6	Frank	Male	Delhi	22	90	103	NULL	NULL
7	Alice	Female	Mumbai	19	60	102	NULL	NULL

AND Operator

The AND operator ensures both conditions must be true for a record to be selected.

Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name 
WHERE condition1 AND condition2;

Example

SELECT * FROM students

WHERE age >= 18 AND city = 'Mumbai';

Try it yourself

Retrieves students who are 18 or older AND live in Mumbai.

OR Operator

The OR operator selects records if at least one condition is true.

Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name 
WHERE condition1 OR condition2;

Example

SELECT * FROM students

WHERE age < 18 OR city = 'Mumbai';

Try it yourself

Retrieves students who are younger than 18 OR live in Mumbai.

NOT Operator

The NOT operator negates a condition (returns the opposite result).

Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name 
WHERE NOT condition;

Example

SELECT * FROM students

WHERE NOT age = 18;

Try it yourself

Retrieves students who are NOT 18 years old.

Combining AND, OR, and NOT

You can combine multiple operators using parentheses (()) for clarity.

Example

SELECT * FROM students

WHERE (age >= 18 AND city = 'Mumbai') OR NOT gender = 'Female';

Try it yourself

Retrieves students who are 18 or older and live in Mumbai OR are NOT female.

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