Java Inheritance

Inheritance is one of the key principles of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP). It allows a class (child or subclass) to inherit the properties (fields) and behaviors (methods) of another class (parent or superclass). This helps in code reuse and establishing a hierarchical relationship between classes.

Syntax:

class Parent {
    // Parent class properties and methods
}

class Child extends Parent {
    // Child class properties and methods
}

Types of Inheritance

Java supports the following types of inheritance:

1.Single Inheritance: A class inherits from one parent class.

Example

class Animal {

void eat() {

System.out.println("This animal can eat.");

}

class Dog extends Animal {

void bark() {

System.out.println("The dog barks.");

}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Dog dog = new Dog();

dog.eat(); // Inherited from Animal

dog.bark(); // Defined in Dog

}

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2.Multilevel Inheritance: A class inherits from another class, which itself is a subclass of another class.

Example

class Animal {

void eat() {

System.out.println("This animal can eat.");

}

class Mammal extends Animal {

void walk() {

System.out.println("Mammals can walk.");

}

class Dog extends Mammal {

void bark() {

System.out.println("The dog barks.");

}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Dog dog = new Dog();

dog.eat(); // Inherited from Animal

dog.walk(); // Inherited from Mammal

dog.bark(); // Defined in Dog

}

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3.Hierarchical Inheritance: Multiple classes inherit from the same parent class.

Example

class Animal {

void eat() {

System.out.println("This animal can eat.");

}

class Dog extends Animal {

void bark() {

System.out.println("The dog barks.");

}

class Cat extends Animal {

void meow() {

System.out.println("The cat meows.");

}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Dog dog = new Dog();

dog.eat();

dog.bark();

Cat cat = new Cat();

cat.eat();

cat.meow();

}

Try it yourself

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